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დიფუზური და კვანძოვანი ჩიყვი - რა უნდა იცოდეთ მათ შესახებ | ჯანმრთელობა | vidal.ge
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დიფუზური და კვანძოვანი ჩიყვი - რა უნდა იცოდეთ მათ შესახებ

თარიღი: 05 ოქტომბერი, 2020

ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის ნებისმიერი პრობლემა ხალხში ერთი საერთო სახელით, ჩიყვით არის ცნობილი და გავრცელებული. დღეს მინდა განვმარტო თუ რა არის დიფუზური და კვანძოვანი ჩიყვი და მეტი ნათელი მოვფინო ამ თემას. 

რა არის ფარისებრი ჯირკვალი?
ფარისებრი ჯირკვალი არის პეპლის ფორმის ენდოკრინული (შინაგანი  სეკრეციის) ჯირკვალი, რომელიც
მდებარეობს კისრის წინა ქვემო ნაწილში.

ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის მთავარი ფუნქციაა ჰორმონების (თიროქსინი და ტრიიოდთირონინი) გამომუშავება. ეს ჰორმონები ორგანიზმს ჭირდება იმისათვის რომ ნერვულმა, გულ-სისხლძარღვთა და სხვა ორგანოთა სისტემებმა შეძლონ ნორმალურად მუშაობა და თავინთი ფუნქციების შესრულება.

რა არის დიფუზური ჩიყვი?
დიფუზური ჩიყვი ეს არის ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის მთლინობაში ან მისი ერთ-ერთი წილის მოცულობაში გაზრდა.

რა არის კვანძოვანი ჩიყვი?
კვანძოვანი ჩიყვი ეს არის მდგომარეობა, რომლის დროსაც ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის შიგნით ხდება კვანძის (ერთკვანძიანი ჩიყვი) ან კვანძების (მრავალკვანძოვანი ჩიყვი) ჩამოყალიბება.

კვანძოვანი ჩიყვი და ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის ფუნქციური მდგომარეობა
კვანძოვანი ჩიყვის დროს ძალიან ხშირად ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის ჰორმონების დონე არის ნორმის  ფარგლებში (ეუთიროზული მდგომარეობა). ამიტომ მხოლოდ ჰორმონების კონტროლი ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის ამ პათოლოგიის გამოსარიცხად არ გამოდგება.

ასევე არსებობს ტოქსიური კვანძები. ამ დროს ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის ჰორმონები ჭარბად გამომუშავდება და ინიშნება შესაბამისი მედოკამენტოზური თერაპია ან რადიოაქტიური იოდით მკურნალობა.

რა იწვევს დიფუზური და კვანძოვანი ჩიყვის ჩამოყალიბებას?
ჩიყვის ჩამოყალიბების ძირითადი მიზეზებია იოდის დეფიციტი და აუტოიმუნური თირეოიდიტი (იმუნური სისტემის ბრძოლა თავისივე ორგანოსთან, ამ შემთხვევაში ფარისებრ ჯირკვალთან)

როგორ ხდება კვანძოვანი ჩიყვის დიაგნოსტირება?
დიაგნოსტირება ხდება ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის პალპაციის და ულტრაბგერითი კვლევის (ექოსკოპია) შედეგად.

როდის ტარდება კვანძოვანი წარმონაქმნის წვრილნემსიანი ასპირაციული ბიოფსია?
ამას ინდივიდუალურად აფასებს ექიმი-ენდოკრინოლოგი, კვანძის ზომის, სტრუქტურის, ექოგენობის და ა.შ გათვალისწინებით. ბიოფსია არ უწყობს ხელს კვანძოვანი წარმონაქმნების გამრავლებას ან მათ ავთვისებიანად გადაგვარებას.


როგორ ხდება დიფუზური და კვანძოვანი ჩიყვის მკურნალობა?
სამწუხაროდ ჯადოსნური აბები, რომლებიც კვანძოვან წარმონაქმნებს აქრობენ არ არსებობს. როგორც წესი ხდება დინამიკაში დაკვირვება, ყოველ 3-6 თვეში ერთხელ. ძალიან გადიდებული ფარისებრი ჯირკვლის, დიდი ზომის კვანძების ან მათი ავთვისებიანობის შემთხვევაში საჭირო ხდება ქირურგიული ჩარევა.

წყარო: https://www.facebook.com/102478581319125/photos/a.103231841243799/185774162989566/?type=3